Deep Vein Thrombosis

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Spider veins and varicose veins often do not lead to complications such as deep vein thrombosis. However, some more serious problems may occasionally develop.

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

This is a spider vein or varicose vein problem that can lead to varicose eczema or venous ulcers. When there is poor blood flow in a certain area, then the method in which the skin is able to exchange oxygen, nutrients, and waste products with the blood is negatively affected. Over time, this poor exchange will lead to certain skin care problems.

Varicose eczema is a brown or purple discolouration of the skin, which can be permanent. A rash may also develop.

Venous ulcers will form when poor blood flow exists and there is not enough drainage of fluid from the skin. Because of the poor blood flow the ulcer does not heal and this condition can continue for a long time if no treatment is given. Fluid build-up can also lead to fungal and bacterial infections of the skin tissues when there is poor circulation. Venous ulcers can be treated with compression stockings or compression bandaging to improve the blood flow in the affected area or with surgery to remove to problem causing veins.

Phlebitis

Occasionally, varicose veins can form a blood clot referred to as phlebitis. This clot can be extremely painful and the skin may become red and swollen in the affected area. This blockage is associated with veins near the surface of the skin and is less serious than deep vein thrombosis.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

In severe cases of varicose veins, vein thrombosis may develop. This condition is characterized by sudden and severe leg swelling. It is associated with blockages in deeper veins, unlike phlebitis. The clot causing the blockage can potentially travel to heart and lungs. Therefore, this is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.

Rupture

Varicose veins can rupture leading to extensive bruising and possibly infection or other complications. Extensive external bleeding can occur if the areas with varicose veins are cut. Treatment will likely require emergency medical attention and first-aid procedures for excessive bleeding such as elevating the wounded area above the heart and applying pressure to the wound to slow the bleeding.